Perched on a stunning plateau with panoramic views of the Sacred Valley and the snow-capped peaks of the Vilcabamba Range, Huchuy Qosqo is a must-visit destination for trekking and history enthusiasts. Its Quechua name, “Little Cusco,” reflects its importance as an ancient military and administrative center during the Inca Empire.
As you hike, you’ll be captivated by the beauty of the Andean landscapes, experience authentic rural life in the mountains, and enjoy unparalleled views of the valley and surrounding peaks. Huchuy Qosqo offers a journey rich in history and the chance to immerse yourself in the breathtaking natural environment of the Andes.
Huchuy Qosqo is a hidden gem that allows you to experience the grandeur of the Andes and the cultural wealth of the ancient Inca Empire. Take advantage of this opportunity to uncover one of Peru’s best-kept secrets.
What Does Huchuy Qosqo Mean?
Huchuy Qosqo, meaning “Little Cusco” in Quechua, is a name composed of “Huchuy,” which means “small,” and “Qosqo,” referring to Cusco, the archaeological capital of South America and the city of the Incas.
This archaeological site, also known as “Little Cusco,” has been a point of historical and cultural interest in the region. However, some chronicles suggest that the original name of Huchuy Qosqo might have been Xaquijaguana, with other alternative names including Caquia Xaquixaguana, Sacsahuana, Cahua Xaque Xaguana, and Huana.
Exploring Huchuy Qosqo is an opportunity to delve into Inca history and enjoy a remarkable hike through the Peruvian Andes. Strategically located on a plateau, the site offers panoramic views of the Sacred Valley, including Urubamba, Calca, and Lamay.
Its name and cultural significance make Huchuy Qosqo a key destination for those interested in trekking in Cusco and exploring unique archaeological sites.
What Was Huchuy Qosqo?
Huchuy Qosqo, a minor yet significant Inca settlement near Cusco, provides insight into the Inca civilization. Discovered and partially restored in the early 20th century, the site features a network of temples, plazas, and storage buildings. It played a crucial role as an administrative and military center in the Sacred Valley.
The site boasts impressive Kallanka (large halls) used by the elite and Qolcas (storage buildings) for preserving maize and other supplies. An intricate 800-meter irrigation canal was constructed to supply water to the site. The notable terraces of Huchuy Qosqo, skillfully adapted to the mountain contours, reflect the advanced agricultural practices of the Incas.
Huchuy Qosqo Today
Known as “Little Cusco,” Huchuy Qosqo is a prominent trekking and adventure destination in the Cusco region. Located strategically atop a high ridge, this archaeological site offers breathtaking panoramic views of the Sacred Valley, including Urubamba, Calca, and Lamay.
The hike to Huchuy Qosqo is a challenging journey through spectacular Andean landscapes, where each step reveals the majesty of the mountains and the region’s rich biodiversity. The structures and terraces showcase the architectural prowess of the Incas and their ability to adapt to challenging terrains.
For trekking and hiking enthusiasts, Huchuy Qosqo offers a comprehensive experience that combines adventure, history, and natural beauty. From its elevated position, the site provides unmatched views of the Sacred Valley and a direct connection to the rich Inca heritage.
Whether you’re seeking a challenging hike or a cultural immersion, this destination is a must-visit on your trip to Cusco. Discover Huchuy Qosqo and other attractions such as the Rainbow Mountains, romantic activities in Cusco, must-visit museums, and solo traveler guides in Peru. Get ready for an unforgettable adventure in the cradle of Inca civilization.
Importance of Huchuy Qosqo
The historical and cultural significance of Huchuy Qosqo was officially recognized on August 19, 2003, when the Huchuy Qosqo Archaeological Zone, also known as Caquia Jaquijahuana, was declared National Heritage. This designation underscores the value of this site not only as a tourist destination but also as a cultural treasure preserving Inca heritage.
History of Huchuy Qosqo
Pre-Inca and Inca Period
Huchuy Qosqo, meaning “Little Cusco” in Quechua, is a notable archaeological site on a plateau overlooking the Sacred Valley and the snow-capped peaks of the Vilcabamba Range. Before the Incas, the Killke culture occupied the area, and the site was known as Warqana. During the Inca Empire, the seventh Inca, Yawar Waqaq, expanded his domain into the Yucay and Calca valleys. His successor, Inca Wiracocha, integrated these regions, including Qaitomarca (present-day Huchuy Qosqo). In the early 15th century, according to Pedro de Cieza de León, Wiracocha retired to a rocky outcrop near Calca and ordered the construction of a palace in Xaquixaguana for his retirement, meticulously planning its design himself.
Colonial Period
Following the Spanish conquest of Cusco, land redistribution and encomiendas led to the creation of estates, including Huchuy Qosqo, which became part of the Pauqart’ika estate in the early 17th century. In 1604, it was owned by Francisco Merino and his wife, Catalina Pereira, who obtained burial rights in the chapel of the Santo Domingo convent. Over the years, Huchuy Qosqo changed hands several times until 1809, when it was registered as property of the Merced convent, with Francisco Rosal leasing it until 1814.
During the colonial period, Huchuy Qosqo served as a quarry, where many Inca structures were dismantled and the stones reused to construct the Pauqart’ika estate. This also led to the creation of a 2,000 m³ reservoir, requiring the demolition of several Inca buildings.
Climate and Best Time to Visit
Located in the heart of the Sacred Valley of the Incas, Huchuy Qosqo experiences two distinct climatic seasons: the rainy and dry seasons. The rainy season extends from November to April, with peak intensity between January and March when morning and evening mists are common.
In contrast, the dry season runs from May to October, characterized by the absence of precipitation and noticeable drops in temperature. Throughout the year, temperatures range between 11°C and 16°C, providing a perfect environment for those who enjoy adventure and nature.
The best time to visit Huchuy Qosqo is during the intermediate seasons, between April and May, and from September to November, when the weather is milder and more pleasant for trekking and exploring the archaeological site.
However, each season has its charm. During the rainy season, the landscape is covered in vibrant green, while the dry season features colder nights and drier air, which could be a drawback for those with dust allergies. Wear appropriate clothing and be prepared for climate variations to make the most of your adventure in Huchuy Qosqo.
How to Get to Huchuy Qosqo
- Route Saqsayhuaman – Huchuy Qosqo: The most iconic and oldest route starts from Saqsayhuaman, specifically from the Chincana. This path traverses archaeological sites such as Fortaleza, Cauca, the Queullacacha Lagoon, Rumi Cruz, Pukamarca, and León Punku, ending at Huchuy Qosqo. It’s ideal for trekking and history enthusiasts.
- Route from Chinchero: Another option is to take a bridle path from Chinchero, which requires about 6 hours of hiking. This route is perfect for those seeking a more intimate experience with nature.
- Route Cusco – Pisac – Lamay: This 40 km paved road takes you to Lamay, where you ascend via a bridle path. This segment has challenging topography along the Rakarakay hill slope and takes 3 to 4 hours of hiking.
- Route Calca – Saqllo – Huchuy Qosqo: Starting from Calca, you take a drivable track to the Saqllo community, averaging 45 minutes by vehicle. From Saqllo, you access Huchuy Qosqo via a bridle path that takes 3 to 4 hours of hiking.
Note: A bridle path is a narrow, unpaved trail designed primarily for passing horses and mules, though hikers can also use it. These paths are typically located in rural, mountainous, or difficult-to-access areas and are characterized by their uneven and often steep terrain. They are ideal for hiking and trekking, offering access to remote and often very picturesque places.
Explore Huchuy Qosqo with Salkantay Trekking
The Huchuy Qosqo trek will take you on a stunning route, passing through hills to the lesser-known Inca site of Huchuy Qosqo. This park is on a plateau with breathtaking views of the Sacred Valley of the Incas and the snow-capped peaks of the Vilcabamba range. Inside, you can explore and learn all about the ancient Inca culture.
You won’t have to worry about anything; we take care of all the logistics, ensure you have all the food you need, and manage transportation to and from the starting and ending points. An expert guide, passionate about the region and its history, will accompany you and share all their knowledge.
Huchuy Qosqo: 1-Day Hike
DAY 01 Cusco | Qorao – Patabamba Community – Qoricocha Lagoon – Huchuy Qosqo – Lamay (Sacred Valley) – Cusco
| Day details | |
| Meals | Lunch (box lunch + snacks) |
| Walking time | 6 hours |
| Difficulty | Easy to Moderate |
| Distance of the route | 13 km / 8.08 miles |
| Starting altitude | 4,050 m / 13,287 ft |
| Minimum altitude | 2,941 m / 9,649 ft |
| Maximum altitude | 4,200 m / 13,780 ft |
The team picks you up from your hotel at 7:00 AM, and the first destination is the small town of Qorao (Ccorao or Corao), located about 30 minutes from Cusco. From there, you follow a small road into the Andes’ heights, reaching the Patabamba village (3,850 m / 12,631 ft). After that, it’s another fifteen minutes to Qorikocha Lagoon (4,050 m / 13,287 ft), the hike’s starting point. During the drive, it is recommended that you enjoy the Andean landscape.
Upon reaching the starting point, you ascend 45 minutes to Apacheta Pass (4,200 m / 13,780 ft), the hike’s highest point. From there, the trail descends for two hours, which is easier on the legs.
On the way, you first arrive at the ancient community of Pukamarca, where a short break is taken. Next, you continue through beautiful green valleys and the impressive Puma Punku Canyon (“The Puma Gate”). From this point, you walk along a restored section of the original Inca Trail, part of the Qhapaq Ñan project. This famous Inca Trail adds an exciting dimension to the hike.
The trek takes participants to the isolated and mysterious Inca site of Huchuy Qosqo, “The Little Cusco” (3,600 m / 11,811 ft), situated above the Sacred Valley of the Incas. Once there, the guide takes visitors through the archaeological park, showcasing the site’s impressive Inca constructions: sacred temples, storerooms, agricultural terraces, and the Inca reservoir for storing water during the dry season. This site provides a fascinating experience for learning about the Inca culture.
After the guided tour, you enjoy a short break with a boxed lunch. Then, a two-hour descent to the village of Lamay (2,941 m / 9,649 ft), located by the Urubamba River in the Sacred Valley, begins. From Lamay, private transportation will take you back to Cusco for dinner and rest.
Huchuy Qosqo to Machu Picchu: 3 Days
DAY 01 Cusco | Tambomachay – Qoricocha Lagoon – Pukamarca – Huchuy Qosqo
Start your hike from Tambomachay and have lunch at Qoricocha Lagoon. In the afternoon, walk another four hours to reach the campsite on the terraces of Huchuy Qosqo.
| Day details | |
| Meals | Lunch and dinner |
| Walking time | Camping |
| Difficulty | Easy to Moderate |
| Distance of the route | 118 km / 11.18 miles |
| Duration of hike | 9 hours |
| Starting altitude | 3,800 m / 12,467 ft |
| Maximum altitude | 4,200 m / 13,780 ft |
| Camp altitude | 3,600 m / 11,811 ft |
Today, the unforgettable adventure begins early at 6:00 a.m. The team will pick up the participants from their accommodation and take them on a twenty-minute drive to the Inca site of Tambomachay (3,800 m / 12,467 ft). On this first stretch, you will pass by the impressive archaeological sites of Sacsayhuaman, Q’enqo, and Puka Pukara. Upon arriving at Tambomachay, the hike begins, and you will meet the entire team: the guide, the chef, and the muleteer who will take care of the horses. The luggage will be loaded onto the horses to start the journey.
You will ascend for three hours to reach the first pass of the excursion (4,100 m / 13,451 ft). From this point, you can enjoy stunning views of Cusco and the surrounding mountains. After an additional hour of walking, you will reach Qoricocha Lagoon, a spectacular spot ideal for lunch and enjoying the beautiful landscape.
After lunch, you will ascend 45 minutes to the second pass, the hike’s highest point (4,200 m / 13,780 ft). From here, the rest of the route is a descent. You will cross fertile valleys, a magnificent canyon, and a section of the original Inca Trail for four hours. The camp will be set up on one of the terraces of Huchuy Qosqo (3,600 m / 11,811 ft). Upon arrival, participants will enjoy a spectacular dinner and a well-deserved rest.
DAY 02 Huchuy Qosqo | Lamay – Ollantaytambo – Aguas Calientes
In the morning, explore the Huchuy Qosqo complex before having lunch in Lamay. Later, board the train from Ollantaytambo to Aguas Calientes to spend the night in a hotel.
| Day details | |
| Meals | Breakfast, lunch and dinner |
| Walking time | Hotel |
| Difficulty | Moderate |
| Distance of the route | 3 km / 1.86 miles |
| Duration of hike | 2 hours |
| Starting altitude | 3,600 m / 11,811 ft |
| Maximum altitude | 3,600 m / 11,808 ft |
| Camp altitude | 2,040 m / 6,693 ft |
Participants will wake up early to enjoy a nutritious breakfast at the camp. The chef will surprise everyone with an incredible meal amidst the mountains. Then, there will be a guided tour of the Huchuy Qosqo archaeological site. The expert guide will provide a comprehensive explanation of the site while participants explore and appreciate the beautiful views of the valley.
After the visit, the group will descend for two hours to the village of Lamay (2,941 m / 9,649 ft) in the Sacred Valley, where lunch will be served. After lunch, private transportation will be ready to take participants to Ollantaytambo (2,792 m / 9,160 ft). In Ollantaytambo, there will be a brief tour of this mysterious and magical town, considered the last intact living Inca town. Visitors will enjoy this picturesque place with its narrow cobblestone streets.
In Ollantaytambo, participants will board the exceptional Vistadome train, which will take them to Aguas Calientes. Upon arrival, they will check into the hotel. In the afternoon, there will be free time to visit the relaxing hot springs or explore the town before dining at an exclusive restaurant. It is recommended to go to bed early as the next day will require an early rise.
DAY 03 Aguas Calientes | Machu Picchu – Ollantaytambo – Cusco
After spending the morning exploring Machu Picchu, we will descend to Aguas Calientes for lunch. From there, board the train to Ollantaytambo, where our private transportation will be waiting to take you to your accommodation in Cusco.
| Day details | |
| Meals | Breakfast |
| Difficulty | Easy |
| Duration of the activity | 2 a 5 hours |
| Walking distance | 3 km / 1.86 miles |
| Altitude of Machu Picchu Citadel | 2,430 m / 7,972 ft |
| Altitude of Machu Picchu Mountain | 3,000 m / 9,843 ft |
| Huayna Picchu Mountain Altitude | 2,720m / 8,924 ft |
Travelers will enjoy a hearty breakfast at the hotel before embarking early (5:30 a.m.) on a bus ride to the Machu Picchu Historical Sanctuary to witness the sunrise. Arriving before other groups will allow them to enjoy the morning light in peace and make the most of their time at the site.
They will uncover the secrets of this mysterious place on a guided tour of approximately two hours. Inca architecture is impressive, as they built a secure and sustainable city high in the mountains with exceptional planning thanks to their deep harmony with Mother Nature. Visitors will be fascinated as the secrets of the citadel are revealed before their eyes.
If an additional excursion to Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain has been chosen (it is essential to book tickets in advance), there will be enough time to do it. It is recommended to take photos during this incredible journey.
Later, they will return to Aguas Calientes, where they can choose a restaurant for lunch before boarding the Expedition Train to Ollantaytambo. From there, private transportation will pick up the travelers and return them to their accommodation in Cusco. The arrival time will depend on the purchased train ticket schedule, which is subject to availability.
The exciting three-day whirlwind trip will end, but it is guaranteed to be an unforgettable adventure.
What Will You Discover at Huchuy Qosqo?
- Archaeological Zone: Huchuy Qosqo offers a fascinating display of Inca urban planning. This archaeological site features a meticulous layout of buildings, with structures built in carved stone and finished with clay plaster inside and outside. In addition to serving agricultural purposes, the terraces act as retaining walls, ensuring the stability of the cultivable areas.
- Main Esplanade: At the eastern end of Huchuy Qosqo is the main esplanade, locally known as Haukaypata. This space, bordered by a terrace to the south and an open balcony to the north, is not rectangular but rather an irregular design. On its southern edge, two prominent rocks can be seen. The esplanade was a place for important ceremonies and rituals in Inca culture.
- Terraces: The terrace system at Huchuy Qosqo extends along the northern and western slopes of the site. These terraces run parallel to the main esplanade and are built-in cellular pillow masonry, averaging 4 meters in height. Some terraces feature staircases that facilitate connection between different levels, while vertical and horizontal channels ensure proper drainage for crop irrigation.
- Constructions and Buildings: The buildings at Huchuy Qosqo are distributed across three leading platforms, with the most imposing structures on the upper platform. These structures, built with finely carved stone and adobe, exhibit excellent symmetry. In the center is a colonial reservoir of 2,000 m³, surrounded by buildings that include walls with niches and a polygonal cushioned style.
- Kallankas: Large rectangular halls are scattered throughout the archaeological site. The largest kallanka, measuring 54 meters long by 17 meters wide, runs parallel to the esplanade and is crucial in social and ceremonial activities.
- Colonial Reservoir: In the center of Huchuy Qosqo is a sizeable colonial reservoir with a capacity of 2,000 m³. This reservoir is no longer in use; it was built with stone walls and lime-clay mortar. Its construction required the removal of several enclosures and the recycling of lithic elements.
- Inca Road: The Inca road connecting Cusco to Huchuy Qosqo enters the site through a double-jamb doorway made of adobe on stone walls. This cobblestone path features retaining walls on its sides.
- Lookout or Inca Jail: This rectangular enclosure built with worked stone and mud mortar is known as Inca Jail. Located on the site’s eastern edge, it offers an exceptional panoramic view of the Calca and Lamay valleys.
- Chinkana: Situated north of the lookout, this is a narrow tunnel dug into the rock of the large Paucartika estate cliff. Although much of the tunnel has collapsed, approximately three meters of passage remain.
- Quarry: Located northwest of Pukamarca and southwest of Huchuy Qosqo, the quarry shows many cut stones on the surface, ready to be transported. Stones in the process of being worked can also be seen.
- The Malki or Mummy of Wiracocha: According to chroniclers, Inca Wiracocha chose Huchuy Qosqo as his residence for his old age, seeking to distance himself from Cusco. He lived his last days here before passing away. Other accounts indicate that Wiracocha retired to Xaquixaguana, where he died years later, disinherited and hidden. Sarmiento de Gamboa mentions that Gonzalo Pizarro discovered his body, burned the remains, and hid the ashes in a pot.
Recommendations
If you plan to explore Huchuy Qosqo, consider these practical tips to ensure a safe and enjoyable visit:
- Early Departures and Documents: It’s advisable to start the day early. Make sure to carry identification documents and your passport if you’re a tourist.
- Sun Protection and Hydration: Bring sunscreen and a hat or cap to protect yourself from the sun and avoid sunstroke. Remember to carry at least 1 liter of water per person to stay well-hydrated during the hike.
- Appropriate Clothing: Wear suitable trekking attire, including a fleece or waterproof jacket, to handle temperature variations. The weather at Huchuy Qosqo can be unpredictable, so be prepared for sudden temperature changes.
- Basic First Aid Kit and Personal Items: Carry a small kit with essential preventive items. Include your personal use items, but avoid carrying excessive amounts, as you will carry your backpack during the hike.
- Trekking Poles: If you have knee problems or are older, trekking poles can be handy to ease access and reduce effort during the ascent and descent.
- Marked Routes and Safety: Follow the marked routes and use established paths and access points to avoid accidents. The terrain can be irregular and steep, so sticking to the designated trails is crucial.
- Proper Footwear: Since access to Huchuy Qosqo includes steep and narrow sections, wear comfortable and suitable footwear, such as trekking shoes, to ensure a good grip and support during the hike.
- Respect for Heritage: Once at the archaeological site, avoid touching lithic elements, climbing, or leaning on the walls. This will help preserve the heritage and ensure the site remains in good condition for future generations.
These tips will help you fully enjoy your visit to Huchuy Qosqo while ensuring your safety and the preservation of the archaeological site. Get ready for an unforgettable experience in one of the hidden treasures of the Andes!
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