High in the Peruvian Andes, amidst towering mountains and shrouded in an aura of mystery, lies one of the most intriguing treasures of Machu Picchu: the Intihuatana Stone. This ancient solar clock, sculpted by the masterful hands of the Incas, not only measured time but also connected the sky and the earth in perfect balance. However, what secrets does this monument indeed hold? What purpose did it serve beyond its astronomical function?
Exploring the history of the Intihuatana is to delve into a universe of unsolved enigmas. From its precise alignment with the solstices to theories suggesting it served as an energetic portal, this stone symbolizes Inca ingenuity and worldview. Why were the conquistadors unable to destroy it, as they did with other similar huacas? What connection does it have with the stars and sacred mountains? Discover how this fascinating legacy continues to intrigue archaeologists, astronomers, and travelers worldwide, and let the Intihuatana awaken in you the same curiosity that has fueled generations of explorers.


What is the Intihuatana?
The Intihuatana is an enigmatic stone piece carved into the shape of a pyramid strategically placed at the top of a hill to the north of the majestic Machu Picchu citadel. Its shapes and angles are carefully designed to interact with sunlight, casting shadows that precisely align with the cardinal points. Additionally, it has a platform that evokes a ceremonial altar and small carved channels resembling stairs, suggesting a multifunctional design full of symbolism.
This Inca masterpiece was not just a ritual object but also a sophisticated astronomical instrument. Its name in Quechua, “where the sun is tied,” reflects its connection with the sun: priests used it to observe solstices, equinoxes, and other celestial phenomena, thereby adjusting their agricultural and ceremonial calendar. At the same time, it served as the site for important religious ceremonies, reinforcing the Andean worldview that united the sky, the earth, and time in a single spiritual axis.
A witness to history that defies time
During the Spanish conquest, many Intihuatanas were destroyed as part of the evangelization process due to their deep religious and political significance in Inca culture. However, the one at Machu Picchu escaped this fate thanks to its remote location, being rediscovered intact by Hiram Bingham in 1911. This event makes it an invaluable testament to Inca cultural and architectural resistance.
Despite its historical resilience, the Intihuatana has not been free from modern controversies. In 2000, while filming a commercial, a crane damaged part of its structure, causing outrage and reinforcing the need to protect this legacy. Today, the Intihuatana is a symbol of Inca brilliance and a reminder of our collective responsibility to preserve humanity’s cultural treasures.
What does “Intihuatana” mean?
The term Intihuatana comes from Quechua, combining the words “inti,” meaning “sun,” and “huatana,” which translates to “tie” or “bind.” Thus, its literal meaning is “where the sun is tied,” an expression that sparks our imagination and transports us to the Inca worldview. This term is not merely descriptive; it encapsulates the idea of a spiritual and physical link between humanity, the sky, and the earth.
For the Incas, the Intihuatana was much more than a solar clock. Although its design allowed for timekeeping and marking the beginning of the seasons through the shadows it cast, its true value lay in its connection with the Sun God, the supreme deity of their culture. According to their beliefs, priests used this sacred instrument to “tie” the sun, ensuring it did not stray from the Earth and that its regular cycle continued, guaranteeing life and fertility for the fields.
How did it work?
The Intihuatana at Machu Picchu is a masterpiece carved from granite. It stands between 1 and 2 meters tall on a multi-level base. At the top, a cubic protrusion precisely marks the cardinal points north, south, east, and west, highlighting its astronomical and symbolic function.
This monument was believed to be used as a solar clock, designed to align with the sun during key events such as the winter solstice. At noon on the equinoxes, the sun is positioned to cast no shadow on the pillar, symbolizing a moment of perfect balance. During the winter solstice, on June 21, the stone casts a long shadow to the south, while on the summer solstice, on December 21, the shadow is shorter and points to the north.
A legacy full of symbolism
In the Inca worldview, the Intihuatana not only marked the passage of time but was also a ceremonial tool that, according to their beliefs, kept the sun on its annual course, ensuring the balance and fertility of the land. The Sapa Inca and priests performed rituals at this sacred site, convinced that the Intihuatana was a point of connection between mankind and celestial deities.
Despite modern theories, such as the idea that the base of the Intihuatana represents a map of the Inca Empire, archaeologists debate its interpretation. What is undeniable is that this monolith remains one of the most enigmatic and beautiful elements of Machu Picchu. In this place, science, spirituality, and art intertwine to tell the story of a civilization that viewed the world as a harmonious unity.
Visiting the Intihuatana is more than contemplating an engineering marvel; it is an invitation to connect with the greatness and mystery of the Incas, who deciphered the secrets of the sky with astonishing precision.
How is it designed?
The Intihuatana at Machu Picchu is carved directly into the bedrock at the top of the mountain. Its complex design, composed of irregular surfaces, inclined planes, and enigmatic angles, has perplexed generations of scholars. The Inca chronicles, with incomplete and ambiguous descriptions, only add to this monument’s mystery.
Some unconventional theories suggest that Pachacútec, the ninth Inca emperor, may not have ordered the construction of the Intihuatana but instead discovered it along with other preexisting structures. These hypotheses propose that an earlier, unknown, and seemingly very advanced civilization may have been responsible for its creation. However, to date, no definitive archaeological explanation has clarified who its actual builders might have been.
Its architectural symbolism
The monolith is the core of the Intihuatana, a structure with a polygonal base that includes terraces, two huayrana-type rooms, and a natural mound that gives it a pyramidal trunk-like appearance. This sacred area is strategically located within Machu Picchu, and its design reflects the Inca’s ability to integrate architecture and nature.
Two long staircases allow access to the pyramid: one to the north and one to the south. The latter is particularly noteworthy, as much of its length was carved directly into a single rock, demonstrating the Incas’ technical mastery. At the top of this structure is the Intihuatana, a monument with a slightly inclined upper plane and a vertical stone column that tilts 13 degrees north, possibly for astronomical purposes.
Among its additional features, there is a granite block that appears to serve ceremonial functions, such as an altar, bench, or shelf, alongside a rectangular base. This multifaceted design remains an interpretive challenge for archaeologists and explorers, symbolizing the ingenuity and spiritual connection of the Incas with their environment.

Where is the Intihuatana of Machu Picchu located?
The Intihuatana is located in the upper part of the Machu Picchu citadel’s urban sector, within the Sacred Precinct. This majestic stone structure sits on an elevated platform, offering breathtaking views of the citadel and the surrounding mountainous landscape.
It is situated next to the Temple of the Three Windows on a small, precisely designed esplanade at an altitude of 3,126 meters above sea level. To reach this iconic site, one must traverse the ‘Hanan’ sector of the urban area, passing through stairways to the north and south of the building, which lead directly to the top.
How to Visit the Intihuatana
Access to the Intihuatana is possible through ‘Circuit 2,’ which can be selected when purchasing tickets:
- Machu Picchu Only Ticket
- Machu Picchu + Inca Bridge Ticket
This circuit allows visitors to explore not only the Intihuatana but also other iconic structures of Machu Picchu, such as:
- The Guardian’s House Sector
- The Temple of the Sun
- The Main Temple
- The Sacred Rock
- The Water Mirrors and fountains
A staircase leads to the Intihuatana from the Main Temple in approximately 5 minutes.
Visiting Hours
The visit is restricted to a specific time frame:
- From 7:00 to 10:00 a.m.
It is essential to plan your visit within this time interval to ensure access to the site.
Additionally, since the Intihuatana is considered a sacred monument, treating it with the utmost respect is essential. Touching or damaging the structure is prohibited, as it represents an invaluable legacy of Inca culture.
A Journey Full of History and Landscapes
The complete Circuit 2 tour takes approximately 2 hours and 30 minutes, including agricultural sectors and other historical buildings that connect the past with nature. Each step toward the Intihuatana invites reflection on the architectural and spiritual mastery of the Incas while enjoying the unique views of this world wonder.
Prepare for an unforgettable journey full of culture, history, and spectacular landscapes!

Intihuatana vs. Temple of the Sun
If you plan to visit Machu Picchu, you’ll likely want to learn more about two of its most iconic structures: the Intihuatana and the Temple of the Sun. Although both are part of the Sacred Sector, each has unique characteristics that make them fascinating. Let’s discover their differences and similarities!
Location and Elevation
- The Intihuatana is located at the upper part of the Sacred Sector, at an elevation of 3,126 meters above sea level.
- The Temple of the Sun is lower, at 3,096 meters above sea level.
Name and Meaning
- Intihuatana means “where the sun is tied or anchored,” reflecting its astronomical and spiritual function.
- As its name indicates, the Temple of the Sun is dedicated exclusively to worshipping the sun, the central star in the Inca worldview.
Access and Tickets
- To visit the Intihuatana, you’ll need to choose between the following tickets:
- ‘Machu Picchu Only’
- ‘Machu Picchu + Inca Bridge’
- On the other hand, access to the Temple of the Sun is included in all types of tickets.
Visiting Hours
- Due to its importance and fragility, the Intihuatana has restricted hours, from 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m..
- However, the Temple of the Sun can be visited more flexibly from 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
Restrictions
- At the Intihuatana, touching the structure is prohibited to preserve its condition.
- At the Temple of the Sun, entry to the interior is not allowed; it can only be observed from a controlled distance.
Materials and Dimensions
Both are made of granite but differ in size:
- The Intihuatana measures approximately 2 meters in diameter and 1 meter in height.
- The Temple of the Sun is semicircular, 10.5 meters in diameter.
Interesting Facts
- The Intihuatana was damaged in 2000 during the filming of a beer commercial, an event that caused great controversy.
- Meanwhile, the Temple of the Sun was victim to a fire during colonial times, which damaged part of its original structure.
- ma de un incendio en la época colonial, lo que afectó parte de su estructura original.
Which to Visit First?
Both monuments are must-sees on any Machu Picchu tour. Whether you prefer to explore the astronomical connection of the Intihuatana or admire the semicircular majesty of the Temple of the Sun, each offers a unique experience and an extraordinary approach to the Inca cultural richness.
Prepare to be amazed by these jewels of Andean architecture and spirituality!


- What is the Intihuatana, and why is it important?
The Intihuatana is one of Machu Picchu’s most iconic structures. It is a solar clock and ceremonial center used by the Incas to measure solstices, honor the sun, and establish agricultural calendars. Its name, which in Quechua means “where the sun is tied,” reflects its deep spiritual and astronomical significance. - What are the visiting hours for the Intihuatana?
Although Machu Picchu is open from 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., access to the Intihuatana is restricted from 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. This protects this sacred structure and limits the number of visitors around it. - Can I touch the Intihuatana?
For conservation reasons, touching the Intihuatana is not allowed. However, as many visitors report, approaching the structure allows you to experience its powerful energy. Respecting these rules is crucial to protect this ancestral legacy. - How do I get to the Intihuatana from the main entrance?
From the main entrance to Machu Picchu, the route includes:- Ascending to the sector known as the Guardian’s House, where a panoramic view of the citadel can be enjoyed.
- Descending to the Sacred Sector, visiting the Temple of the Sun and other ceremonial buildings.
- Finally, ascending the stairs to the Intihuatana, a journey that takes about 10 minutes from the Main Temple.
- What type of ticket do I need to visit the Intihuatana?
You can choose between:- Machu Picchu Only ticket, ideal for those wanting to explore only the citadel.
- Machu Picchu + Inca Bridge ticket combines the Intihuatana experience with a tour of the historic Inca Bridge.
- Are there restrictions to visit the Intihuatana?
Yes. Besides being unable to touch it, access is limited to 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. Additionally, it’s mandatory to follow the designated routes within the authorized circuit. - What other structures can I visit near the Intihuatana?
Other fascinating buildings, such as the Temple of the Three Windows, the Main Temple, and the Sacred Niche, surround the Intihuatana. All of these are part of Circuit 2, which allows exploration of the ceremonial heart of Machu Picchu. - Has the Intihuatana suffered damage over time?
Yes. In 2000, an accident with a crane during a commercial shoot caused damage to one of the corners of the Intihuatana. This incident caused outrage and led to stricter measures to protect the site. - What does “Intihuatana” mean?
In Quechua, “Intihuatana” means “where the sun is tied.” This phrase symbolizes the Incas’ connection to the solar cycle, which was essential for their daily lives and spiritual rituals. - What does it feel like to visit the Intihuatana?
Many visitors describe a special feeling when being near the Intihuatana. Some speak of an energetic connection with the place, while others are simply amazed by its history and the majesty of the surroundings. - Can I visit the Intihuatana on any tour?
Not all tours include the Intihuatana. If you want to visit it, choose Circuit 2, available in tours such as “Machu Picchu 1 day.” This tour will take you through the most important buildings of the citadel. - At what altitude is the Intihuatana located?
The Intihuatana is located at 3,126 meters above sea level, at the top of the Sacred Sector of Machu Picchu. From this point, you get spectacular views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. - How did the Intihuatana contribute to Inca astronomy?
The Intihuatana was a key tool for the Incas, allowing them to identify solstices and equinoxes. These dates were essential for planning harvests, organizing religious rituals, and maintaining balance with nature. - What recommendations are there for visiting the Intihuatana?
- Arrive early to take advantage of the allowed time frame.
- Hire a guide to understand its history and significance better.
- Respect the rules and do not attempt to touch or alter the structure.
- Wear comfortable shoes, as the route includes stairs and uneven terrain.
Prepare to live an unforgettable experience at one of the most mystical places in Machu Picchu!
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